Mountaineering combines extreme cold, strong winds, high altitude, prolonged effort, and constant exposure. Slow progress phases alternate with technical sections where every move demands precision and stable warmth. Gear must protect without restricting, resist abrasion, manage internal moisture, and maintain performance despite freezing and rapid temperature changes.
1. The Unique Challenges of Mountaineering
Above 3000 meters, wind significantly increases heat loss. Moisture from sweat or snow quickly turns into penetrating cold if not properly managed. Equipment must balance insulation, breathability, durability, and freedom of movement.
2. The Base Layer
The first layer must perform even when slightly damp. AYAQ uses only RWS-certified merino wool. For mountaineering: Shirwali (merino + Tencel ~240g) provides insulation suited for night starts; Biafo (100% versatile merino) is ideal for classic ascents; Mefonna excels during intense, steady climbs.
3. The Mid Layer
A fleece like Kokanee continuously regulates temperature and ensures comfort during vertical movements. In colder conditions, lightweight insulation such as ULTAR or FORNO stabilizes warmth without restricting mobility.
4. The Outer Layer
A hardshell is essential in high mountains. The LONAK and LONAK-XT jackets, featuring a recyclable Sympatex membrane rated at 52,000 Schmerbers, protect against wind and blowing snow while breathing better than microporous membranes when internal moisture builds up. Their cuts allow arm elevation, harness use, and layering with an insulated jacket.
5. The Lower Body
Legs face wind, cold, and gear abrasion. The softshell RIMO is perfect for dynamic ascents, while the hardshell NUNATAK is recommended for deep snow, strong winds, or icy sections.
6. AYAQ Expertise
Vincent Defrasne emphasizes that mountaineering demands a thermal system that prevents any failure: “Even slight moisture buildup causes severe cold at rest. It’s better to anticipate opening zippers and adjust layers before sweating.” Mike Horn, experienced in extreme environments, highlights the durability of European fabrics tested through repeated freeze/thaw and abrasion cycles.
Conclusion
Mountaineering requires a coherent system: RWS merino base layer, moisture-regulating midlayer, lightweight insulation as conditions dictate, and a Sympatex hardshell to block wind and snow. The AYAQ collection, designed with Vincent Defrasne and field-tested by Mike Horn at altitude, offers the ideal balance of protection, mobility, and durability.