Mountaineering combines extreme cold, strong winds, high altitude, prolonged effort, and constant exposure. Slow progress phases alternate with technical sections where every move demands precision and consistent warmth. Gear must protect without restricting, resist abrasion, manage internal moisture, and maintain performance despite freezing and rapid temperature changes.
1. The Unique Challenges of Mountaineering
Above 3000 meters, wind significantly increases heat loss. Moisture from sweat or snow quickly turns into penetrating cold if not properly managed. Equipment must balance insulation, breathability, durability, and freedom of movement.
2. The Base Layer
The base layer must perform even when slightly damp. AYAQ exclusively uses RWS-certified merino wool. For mountaineering: Shirwali (merino + Tencel ~240g) provides insulation suited for night starts; Biafo (100% versatile merino) is ideal for classic ascents; Mefonna excels during intense, steady climbs.
3. The Mid Layer
A fleece like Kokanee continuously regulates temperature and ensures comfort during vertical movements. In colder conditions, a lightweight insulation such as ULTAR (men / women) or FORNO (men / women) stabilizes warmth without restricting movement.
4. The Outer Layer
A hardshell is essential in high mountain environments. The LONAK (men / women) and LONAK-XT (men / women) jackets feature a recyclable Sympatex membrane rated at 52,000 Schmerbers, offering superior wind and snow protection while breathing better than microporous membranes under internal moisture buildup. Cuts allow full arm lift, harness use, and layering over insulated jackets.
5. The Lower Layer
Legs face wind, cold, and gear abrasion. The softshell RIMO (men / women) is perfect for dynamic ascents, while the hardshell NUNATAK (men / women) is recommended for deep snow, strong winds, or icy sections.
6. AYAQ Expertise
Vincent Defrasne emphasizes that mountaineering demands a thermal system that prevents any breakdown: “Even slight moisture accumulation causes severe cold at rest. It’s best to anticipate zipper openings and adjust layers before sweating.” Mike Horn, experienced in extreme environments, highlights the durability of European fabrics tested through repeated freeze/thaw and abrasion cycles.
Conclusion
Mountaineering requires a coherent system: RWS merino base layer, moisture-regulating midlayer, lightweight insulation as conditions dictate, and Sympatex hardshell to block wind and snow. The AYAQ collection, designed with Vincent Defrasne and tested by Mike Horn at altitude, offers the ideal balance of protection, mobility, and durability.
